The Fundamental unit of Life - Excercises
Biology - Exercise
Q1, Difference between Plant Cell and Animal Cells
Q2. How is a prokaryotic cell different from a eukaryotic cell?
Q3. What would happen if the plasma membrane ruptures or breaks down?
Ans. When plasma membrane of a cell ruptures or break down, its constituents leak out which causes death of the cell.
Plasma membrane holds its constituents within and prevent entry of unwanted or harmful materials as it is selective semi permeable it allows only useful material to enter within itself. With rupture of membrane, it fails to prevent cell organelles from the surroundings.
Q4. What would happen to the life of a cell if there was no Golgi apparatus?
Ans. Golgi apparatus acts as packaging factory of the cell. In absence of Golgi Apparatus cell would not be able to properly modify, sort and package proteins and lipids which may lead to failure of lysosome formation and plasma membrane maintenance.
Q5 Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell? Why?
Ans. Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell because it is a site of cellular respiration where food materials are broken down to generate ATP, which is essential for cell life. Q6. Where do the lipids and proteins constituting the cell membrane get synthesised? Ans. Lipids and proteins are synthesized within ER Endoplasmic Reticulum. Lipids are produced in the smooth ER, while proteins are synthesized in the rough ER by the attached ribosomes.
Q7 How does an Amoeba obtain its food?
Ans. Amoeba obtains its food by the process of endocytosis, where the flexible plasma membrane engulfs food material within itself.
Q8. What is osmosis?
Ans. Osmosis is a process where solvent usually moves from a lower concentration to a higher concentration through a semi permeable membrane.
Q10. Which type of cell division is required for the growth and repair of the body, and which type is involved in the formation of gametes?
Ans. Mitosis is a type of cell division where two identical cells are produced to replace a damaged cell. It helps growth and repair of the damaged cell where as Meiosis is the process of cell division where gametes are produced. During cell division, chromosomes divide in half to produce four daughter cells.
| Features | Plant Cell | Animal Cell |
|---|---|---|
| Cell Wall | Cell wall in plant cell provide them structural support | Cell Wall is absent in Animal Cells |
| Shapes | Plant cells are large generally rectangular or hexagonal in shape | Animal cells are generally small and round in shape |
| Chloroplast | Chloroplast is present in plant cell which help them to prepare their food | Chloroplast is absent in Animal Cells |
| Vacuoles | Large Vacuoles are found in plant cell | In animal cell vacuole are small, temporary or even absent |
| Centrioles | Centrioles are absent in plant cells | Present in animal cells and involve in cell division |
| Food Storage | Food is stored in form of starch or Oil | Food is stored in form of Glycogen |
| Lysosomes | Present in smaller number or sometime absent | Present in larger numbers |
Q2. How is a prokaryotic cell different from a eukaryotic cell?
| Features | Prokaryotic Cells | Eukaryotic Cells |
|---|---|---|
| Eukaryotic Cells | Nucleus of Prokaryotic cell do not have a nucleus | Eukaryotic Cells contains nucleus which is membrane bound. |
| Organelle | These cell do not have organelle but only ribosomes | Eukaryotic cells have membrane bound organelle |
| Examples | Bacteria | Plants, Animal, Fungi |
| Cell Organisation | Unicellular | Multicellular can also be unicellular |
Q3. What would happen if the plasma membrane ruptures or breaks down?
Ans. When plasma membrane of a cell ruptures or break down, its constituents leak out which causes death of the cell.
Plasma membrane holds its constituents within and prevent entry of unwanted or harmful materials as it is selective semi permeable it allows only useful material to enter within itself. With rupture of membrane, it fails to prevent cell organelles from the surroundings.
Q4. What would happen to the life of a cell if there was no Golgi apparatus?
Ans. Golgi apparatus acts as packaging factory of the cell. In absence of Golgi Apparatus cell would not be able to properly modify, sort and package proteins and lipids which may lead to failure of lysosome formation and plasma membrane maintenance.
Q5 Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell? Why?
Ans. Mitochondrion is known as the power house of the cell because it is a site of cellular respiration where food materials are broken down to generate ATP, which is essential for cell life. Q6. Where do the lipids and proteins constituting the cell membrane get synthesised? Ans. Lipids and proteins are synthesized within ER Endoplasmic Reticulum. Lipids are produced in the smooth ER, while proteins are synthesized in the rough ER by the attached ribosomes.
Q7 How does an Amoeba obtain its food?
Ans. Amoeba obtains its food by the process of endocytosis, where the flexible plasma membrane engulfs food material within itself.
Q8. What is osmosis?
Ans. Osmosis is a process where solvent usually moves from a lower concentration to a higher concentration through a semi permeable membrane.
Q10. Which type of cell division is required for the growth and repair of the body, and which type is involved in the formation of gametes?
Ans. Mitosis is a type of cell division where two identical cells are produced to replace a damaged cell. It helps growth and repair of the damaged cell where as Meiosis is the process of cell division where gametes are produced. During cell division, chromosomes divide in half to produce four daughter cells.
